| Attributes | Values |
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| type
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| Thesis advisor
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| Author
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| alternative label
| - Fabrication of implantable cartilaginous structures from adult or fetal mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto polyglycolic acid scaffolds
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| dc:subject
| - Thèses et écrits académiques
- Polymères
- Cellules souches
- Biomatériaux
- Substituts du cartilage
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| preferred label
| - Contribution à la fabrication de structures cartilagineuses implantables à partir de cellules souches adultes ou foetales et d'un support en acide polyglycolique
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| Language
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| Subject
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| dc:title
| - Contribution à la fabrication de structures cartilagineuses implantables à partir de cellules souches adultes ou foetales et d'un support en acide polyglycolique
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| Degree granting institution
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| note
| - L'OBJECTIF ULTIME DE NOTRE TRAVAIL ETAIT DE DEVELOPPER IN VITRO DES STRUCTURES CARTILAGINEUSES HYALINES DE TAILLE CLINIQUE A PARTIR DE CELLULES COMPETENTES ET D'UN MATERIAU SUPPORT EN ACIDE POLYGLYCOLIQUE (PGA) CULTIVES DANS UN BIOREACTEUR ROTATOIRE ORIGINAL (ROBS). LE ROBS PERMET DES ECHANGES GAZEUX AU TRAVERS D'UNE FINE MEMBRANE EN SILICONE. LA ROTATION DU SYSTEME AMELIORE LA DIFFUSION DES FLUIDES ET DES NUTRIMENTS AU SEIN DU MATERIAU, ET ENGENDRE DES CONTRAINTES HYDROSTATIQUES EN COMPRESSION FAVORABLES A LA PRODUCTION D'UNE MATRICE CARTILAGINEUSE. PLUSIEURS PARAMETRES ETAIENT EVALUES : LA SOURCE CELLULAIRE (CHONDROCYTES, CELLULES SOUCHES MESENCHYMATEUSES (CSM)), L'AGE DES DONNEURS (CELLULES FŒTALES, OU ADULTES), LE SITE DONNEUR (CHONDROCYTES ELASTIQUES OU HYALINS, CSM MEDULLAIRES OU DU SANG DE CORDON OMBILICAL), LE MATERIAU SUPPORT (PGA SEUL, OU ASSOCIE A UN HYDROGEL). AU TERME DE CE TRAVAIL, NOUS AVONS PU ETABLIR LES CONDITIONS DE CULTURE DE STRUCTURES CARTILAGINEUSES IMPLANTABLES A PARTIR DE PLUSIEURS SOURCES CELLULAIRES. LES TISSUS COMPORTAIENT UN TAUX DE GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANES (GAGS) IDENTIQUE A CELUI DU CARTILAGE NATIF, MAIS UNE QUANTITE DE COLLAGENE DE TYPE II SIGNIFICATIVEMENT INFERIEURE A CELLE DU CARTILAGE HYALIN ET UNE QUANTITE NOTABLE DE COLLAGENE DE TYPE I. LA PRESENCE DE COLLAGENE DE TYPE I PEUT ETRE EXPLIQUEE PAR LE CARACTERE TRES HETEROGENE DE LA POPULATION CELLULAIRE DE DEPART DONT SEULES 30% PEUVENT SE DIFFERENCIER EN CHONDROCYTES. DANS UN SECOND TEMPS, LES TISSUS FABRIQUES IN VITRO A PARTIR DE CELLULES PRELEVEES IN UTERO ONT PERMIS DE REPARER DES PERTES DE SUBSTANCE TRACHEALE, ET PARIETALE CHEZ LE FŒTUS DE BREBIS.
- THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF THIS WORK WAS THE FABRICATION OF IMPLANTABLE HYALIN-LIKE CARTILAGINOUS STRUCTURES FROM COMPETENT CELLS SEEDED ONTO POLYGLYCOLIC ACID SCAFFOLDS (PGA) AND CULTURED IN A ROTATING BIOREACTOR SYSTEM (ROBS). IN THE ROBS, CAS EXCHANGE WAS POSSIBLE THROUGH A THIN MEMBRANE OF SILICON. THE ROBS SUPPLIED OPTIMAL OXYGEN LEVELS AND CONTINUOUS HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TO TISSUE-ENGINEERED STRUCTURES SEVERAL PARAMETERS WERE EVALUATED: CELL SOURCE (CHONDROCYTES, MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS (MSCS)), DONOR AGE (FETAL OR ADULT CELLS), DONOR SITE (ELASTIC OR HYALIN CHONDROCYTES, BONE MARROW MSCS OR UMBILICAL COORD BLOOD MSCS), TYPE OF SCAFFOLD (PGA ALONE OR COMBINED WITH A HYDROGEL). CULTURE CONDITIONS WERE ADAPTED ACCORDING TO CELL SOURCE. ENGINEERED CARTILAGE CONSTRUCTS EXHIB1TED SIMILAR CONCENTRATIONS OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS THAN THAT OF NATIVE CARTILAGE, BUT LOWER QUANTITITIES OF TYPE II COLLAGEN AND HIGHER LEVELS OF TYPE I COLLAGEN. THE EXPRESSION OF TYPE I COLLAGEN MAY BE EXPLAINED BY THE HETEROGENOUS NATURE OF THE BONE MARROW WHICH CONTAINS ONLY 30% OF PLURIPOTENT CELLS THAT CAN BE TURNED TO CHONDROCYTES. SUBSEQUENTE Y, THE IN VITRO ENGINEERED CONSTRUCTS WERE IMPLANTED IN VIVO TO REPAIR FETAL TRACHEAL AND CHEST WALL CARTILAGINOUS DEFECTS.
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| dc:type
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| http://iflastandar...bd/elements/P1001
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| rdaw:P10219
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| has content type
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| is primary topic
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| is rdam:P30135
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