@prefix rdf: . @prefix ns1: . @prefix frbr: . ns1:id rdf:type frbr:Work . @prefix rdac: . ns1:id rdf:type rdac:C10001 . @prefix marcrel: . @prefix ns5: . ns1:id marcrel:ths ns5:id . @prefix ns6: . ns1:id marcrel:aut ns6:id . @prefix skos: . ns1:id skos:altLabel "Representation of mental illness and traditional therapies in Congo, reflections from the study of therapeutic itineraries" . @prefix dc: . ns1:id dc:subject "Psychopathologie" , "Th\u00E8ses et \u00E9crits acad\u00E9miques" , "Maladies mentales" , "Gu\u00E9risseurs" , "Ethnopsychiatrie" ; skos:prefLabel "Repr\u00E9sentation de la maladie mentale et th\u00E9rapies traditionnelles au Congo, r\u00E9flexion \u00E0 partir de l'\u00E9tude d'itin\u00E9raires th\u00E9rapeutiques" . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix ns10: . ns1:id dcterms:language ns10:fra . @prefix ns11: . ns1:id dcterms:subject ns11:id . @prefix ns12: . ns1:id dcterms:subject ns12:id . @prefix ns13: . ns1:id dcterms:subject ns13:id . @prefix ns14: . ns1:id dcterms:subject ns14:id . @prefix ns15: . ns1:id dcterms:subject ns15:id ; dc:title "Repr\u00E9sentation de la maladie mentale et th\u00E9rapies traditionnelles au Congo, r\u00E9flexion \u00E0 partir de l'\u00E9tude d'itin\u00E9raires th\u00E9rapeutiques" . @prefix ns16: . ns1:id marcrel:dgg ns16:id ; skos:note "Ces derni\u00E8res ann\u00E9es, on a constat\u00E9 dans le milieu africain, au Congo en particulier, que le ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne psychiatrique se pr\u00E9sente comme ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne social o\u00F9 plusieurs facteurs interviennent et interf\u00E8rent en rapport avec la probl\u00E9matique du changement social. Ce ph\u00E9nom\u00E8ne d\u00E9veloppe tout un contexte th\u00E9rapeutique extrins\u00E8que assez complexe, \u00E0 travers la coexistence de deux supports de soins des troubles mentaux : le support traditionnel, encore vivace, par l'action des gu\u00E9risseurs et le support officiel, dit moderne, gr\u00E2ce \u00E0 l'activit\u00E9 psychiatrique d\u00E9ploy\u00E9e par les m\u00E9decins et les psychologues du service de psychiatrie du centre hospitalier universitaire de Brazzaville. Le constat sur le terrain fait appara\u00EEtre une r\u00E9alit\u00E9, somme toute sp\u00E9cifique, quant \u00E0 l'alternance de ces pratiques curatives dans la gestion tant individuelle que sociale du trouble mental. Ces deux proc\u00E9dures d'investigations th\u00E9rapeutiques sont simultan\u00E9ment sollicit\u00E9es, mais un int\u00E9r\u00EAt particulier est port\u00E9 \u00E0 la premi\u00E8re. Cette situation peut laisser penser \u00E0 une double perception familiale ou sociale du trouble mental, en r\u00E9alit\u00E9 il s'agit d'une seule perception du trouble qui m\u00E9rite d'\u00EAtre saisie culturellement. A travers le parcours th\u00E9rapeutique suivi g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement par les malades ce parcours se pose dans les termes suivants : patient (soutenu par la famille), tradith\u00E9rapeutes puis h\u00F4pital psychiatrique. La maladie mentale, on le voit, suscite en premi\u00E8re intention le recours aux tradith\u00E9rapeutes. Ce trajet semble corollaire d'une conception particuli\u00E8re de l'homme au sein des soci\u00E9t\u00E9s africaines et traduit une certaine attitude face au d\u00E9s\u00E9quilibre mental. Ici, le d\u00E9sordre mental est toujours v\u00E9cu et exprim\u00E9 en termes d'agression pers\u00E9cutive. Le patient, qui se positionne dans ce contexte en situation de victime, ne peut \u00EAtre lib\u00E9r\u00E9 de sa d\u00E9tresse qu'en recourant aux tradith\u00E9rapeutes. De ce point de vue, il semblerait que la soci\u00E9t\u00E9 congolaise ait d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 un syst\u00E8me de repr\u00E9sentation et de compr\u00E9hension de la maladie mentale qui d\u00E9termine les m\u00E9thodes de traitements. Cette r\u00E9alit\u00E9 constitue pour nous une indication fondamentale en mati\u00E8re de psychopathologie, prouv\u00E9e d'ailleurs dans la majorit\u00E9 des recherches effectu\u00E9es sur la psychiatrie traditionnelle africaine" , "Since the last years, it has been noticed in the African environment in general and in Congo in particular that the psychiatric phenomenon presents itself as a social phenomenon in which several factors arise and interfere in relation to the social change issue. This phenomenon is deveIoping a whole extrinsic and quite complex therapeutic context through the coexistence of two ways of healing mental illnesses: the traditional way still currently used by healers, the official or modem way, thanks to the psychiatric work displayed by doctors and psychologists in the psychiatric unit of Brazzaville hospital complex. The findings on the spot show a reality, much specific all in all concerning these alterning healing methods in the individual as well as in the social management of mental trouble. These two procedures of therapeutic investigations has been simultaneously examined although major interest has been taken in the first one. This situation could Iet us think that there is a doubled family and social perception of the mental. In fact, it is a matter of a single perception of the trouble which is to be seen from the cultural side through the therapeutic course usually run by patients. This course arises in the following terms: -Patient (backed by his family) -Tradithenipists -Psychiatric Hospital. As can be seen, traditherapists are the first resort to mental illness. This itinerary appears to be the corollary of a specific conception of the human being in the African societies and the consequence of a particular behaviour facing mental unbalance. In Africa Congo, mental disorder is always lived and expressed through \\\"persecutive aggression\\\". The patient who in this situation positions himself as a victim can only be relieved from his distress by traditherapists. In this respect, it books as though the Congolese society developed a System of representations and understandings of the mental illness that settles the treatment methods. To us, this reality represents a crucial information in terms of psychopatology -which has also been proved by the majority of investigations on traditional African psychiatry and a tropical information in terms of psychiatric practice. In the present state of our knowledge and as disconcerting as they are, these observations are of concern to the psychologists as well as to other specialists of the human issue. In so doing as clinical psychologists this work provides us with the opportunity to think about the social reality as a whole from the study African individual conflicting behaviours. Indeed the conflict issue requires to consider the individual in a social context connected to his environment, the individual in his \\\"existential whole\\\" in order to define both the internal and external dynamics of the conflict. Therefore, recognising and accepting the mental - ill patient as a person carrying an unresolved or ill - resolved conflict and, what is more, replacing the handling of conflict back into its cultural context is to be considered as a major progress concerning the scientific understanding and social acceptability of mental troubles. So that the patient is not reified in a mere scientific approach, a combined humanistic approach is essential for him to recover his human status" ; dc:type "Text" . @prefix ns17: . @prefix ns18: . ns1:id ns17:P1001 ns18:T1009 . @prefix rdaw: . ns1:id rdaw:P10219 "2000" . @prefix rdau: . ns1:id rdau:P60049 .